What did Aquinas mean by ‘natural law’? What were the implications of his definition?

The Q above is what should be answered. The essay should be introduction, thesis with the argument and a personal opinion, conclusion. Those are references that should/ could be used. The essay should include footnotes, Harvard writing style. 

The 3000 include footnotes so please be careful with that.

Thomas Aquinas, 2008. Political Writings. Edited and translated by R. W. Dyson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2008) 
IaIIae 90 and 91 – on ‘Law’, pp. 76-95
Ia IIae 94 – on ‘Natural Law’ – pp. 114-26
Ia 96 – on ‘Government and Politics’. pp. 1-4
IaIIae 40 – on ‘War’ – pp. 239-47
J. Barnes, ‘The just war’, in A. Kenny, J. Pinborg, E. Stumb, eds, The Cambridge
History of Later Medieval Philosophy (1982), ch. 41
A. Black, Political Thought in Europe 1250-1450 (1992), ch. 1
J.P. Canning, A History of Medieval Political Thought 300-1450 (1996), ch. 3
J. Coleman, A History of Political Thought: From the Middle Ages to the Renaissance (2000), ch. 2
M.B. Crowe, ‘St Thomas and Ulpian’s natural law’, in A.A. Maurer, ed., St Thomas Aquinas 1274-1974: Commemorative Studies (2 vols; 1974), vol. I, pp. 261-282
B. Davies, The Thought of Thomas Aquinas (1992)
L.J. Elders, The Philosophical Theology of St Thomas Aquinas (1990)
J. Finnis, Aquinas: Moral, Political, and Legal Theory (Oxford, 1998), chs 3, 7, 8
E. Gilson, The Christian Philosophy of St Thomas Aquinas (1957), pt III, chs 3-5
– – -, A History of Christian Philosophy in the Middle Ages (1955)
A. Kenny, Aquinas (1980)
N. Kretzmann & E. Stamp (eds), The Cambridge Companion to Aquinas (Cambridge, 1993)
D.E. Luscombe, ‘Natural morality and natural law’, in A. Kenny, J. Pinborg, E. Stumb,
eds, The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy (1982), ch. 37
 – – – , ‘The state of nature and the origin of the state’, in in A. Kenny, J. Pinborg, E. Stumb, eds, The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy (1982), ch. 40
A.S. McGrade, ‘Rights, natural rights, and the philosophy of law’, in in A. Kenny, J.
 Pinborg, E. Stumb, eds, The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy (1982), ch. 39
D.J. O’Connor, Aquinas and Natural Law (1967)
A. Parel, ‘Aquinas’ theory of property’, in A. Parel and T. Flanagan, eds, Theories of
Property (1979)
W. Ullmann, ‘The medieval Papacy, St. Thomas and beyond’, in Ullmann, Law and Tradition in the Middle Ages (1988)

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