Topic: Examine Israeli peace negotiations that
have taken place with Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and/or the Palestinians. Why did
they succeed or fail? For your essay you can either do a single-case study or
compare two cases. (One way you could approach this question is to compare a
case of successful peace negotiations, e.g., Israel and Egypt, with a case of
failed negotiations, e.g., Israel and Syria).
I need you to write 2 Sections (6 double pages)
Section 1 (3 pages double spaced): Territorial and Strategic Interests
- Israel-Egypt Case:
- Territorial Focus on Sinai: Discuss how Egypt’s primary goal was reclaiming the Sinai
Peninsula, an achievable objective that facilitated a clear pathway to
peace. - Strategic Trade-Offs: Explain how Egypt’s shift towards a U.S.-aligned stance and
economic rebuilding made peace with Israel a strategic advantage,
fulfilling both parties’ core objectives. - Israel-Syria Case:
- Complexity of the Golan Heights: Explore Syria’s deep-rooted claim over the Golan Heights,
compounded by Israel’s security needs, which made concessions
challenging. - Geopolitical Stance: Examine Syria’s broader role in regional conflicts, from its
support of Palestinian groups to alliances with Iran, complicating a
narrow focus on territory. - Conclude by contrasting the negotiability of Egypt’s specific
territorial claim with Syria’s broader regional ambitions, emphasizing why
peace was feasible with Egypt but more complex with Syria.
Section 2 (3 pages double spaced): The Role of External Actors
- Israel-Egypt Case:
- United States as a Mediator: Describe the intensive mediation by the United States,
particularly Jimmy Carter’s role in facilitating the Camp David Accords,
which provided external pressure and support for both parties. - Economic Incentives and Military Aid: Discuss how the promise of substantial U.S. aid to Egypt
helped offset potential opposition and gave Sadat a powerful incentive to
pursue peace. - Israel-Syria Case:
- Limited U.S. Influence: Contrast Egypt’s alignment with Syria’s Cold War alliances,
especially with the Soviet Union, which made U.S. influence in
negotiations less effective. - Regional Alliances: Analyze how Syria’s connections to Iran and its support for
Hezbollah and Palestinian groups constrained any efforts by the U.S. or
other parties to mediate a successful agreement.