Critical Analysis of the Evolution, Theories, and Applications of Environmental Criminology and CPTED

Assignment Overview:
This assignment requires students to critically examine the evolution, theoretical foundations, and contemporary applications
of physical security, environmental criminology, and Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED). Students are
expected to explore concepts such as the relationship between crime, security policies and practices, the environment, and
design, critically analysing how the concepts surrounding security and CPTED have evolved, the theories that inform these
concepts, and their practical implementation in creating safer and comfortable places in which to live, learn, work, or play.
The essay must demonstrate the ability to integrate academic research, evaluate evidence, and apply theoretical frameworks.
Assignment Objectives:
Through this assignment, students will:
1. Develop research and analytical skills by examining environmental criminology and CPTED as tools for crime
reduction.
2. Demonstrate critical thinking by evaluating the evolution, application, and critiques of crime prevention strategies
rooted in environmental criminology.
3. Integrate academic research to assess the effectiveness of these approaches in real-world contexts.
4. Reflect on the role of policy, practice, placemaking, technology, and environmental design in reducing crime and
fear of crime, promoting liveable, sustainable communities.
Topic and Scope:
Students must address the following key questions with their written assignment:
1. Origins and Evolution: How has environmental criminology and CPTED evolved over time, and what are their historical
roots?
2. Theoretical Foundations: What are the central theories that underpin environmental criminology and CPTED (e.g.,
Routine Activity Theory, Rational Choice Theory, Defensible Space, along with design scholarship)?
3. Core Characteristics: What are the distinguishing features of environmental criminology and CPTED, and how do they
aim to prevent crime?4. Practical Applications: How are environmental criminology and CPTED applied in real-world contexts (e.g., urban
planning, building design, public spaces)? Provide examples or case studies.
5. Critiques and Misperceptions: What criticisms, challenges, and common misperceptions surround contemporary
environmental criminology and CPTED?
6. Future Directions: What recommendations can be made to enhance the implementation of CPTED and environmental
criminology in addressing modern crime challenges?
Research:
To develop a robust analysis, students must:
1. Use a minimum of eight (8) academic sources, including peer-reviewed journal articles, books, and the course
textbook.
2. Exclude non-academic sources, such as websites, lecture notes, or PowerPoint slides.
3. Ensure that references are relevant, credible, and properly cited in APA (7th edition) format