Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by three general types of symptoms: those involving re-experiencing, such as flashbacks and nightmares; those associated with avoidance such as feeling numb or staying away from similar situations; and hyperarousal symptoms such as having an exaggerated startle response, difficulty sleeping, and feeling tense or “on edge.
Discuss what types of learning phenomenon might be involved in the hyperarousal symptoms of PTSD.
hint how do we learn phobias
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