Discuss what types of learning phenomenon might be involved in the hyperarousal symptoms of PTSD.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by three general types of symptoms: those involving re-experiencing, such as flashbacks and nightmares; those associated with avoidance such as feeling numb or staying away from similar situations; and hyperarousal symptoms such as having an exaggerated startle response, difficulty sleeping, and feeling tense or “on edge.

hint how do we learn phobias


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