empirical research article from a peer-reviewed academic journal The review must incorporate your topic with the formal response of either law enforcement, law adjudication, or penology to street crime

July 14, 2024July 14, 2024 Discipline: Criminology
  1. Review an empirical research article from a peer-reviewed academic journal using Locke, Silverman, and Spirduso’s 12 Steps to Understanding Research. The fourth review must incorporate your topic with the formal response of either law enforcement, law adjudication, or penology to the topic of street crime

  2. Purpose and general rationale (Form 7.1, Step 1)

    • Describe, in broad terms and in paragraph form, what was the purpose of the study and how did the author(s) make a case for its general importance.

    Fit and specific rationale (Form 7.1., Step 2)

    • Describe in paragraph form how does the topic of study fits into the existing research literature, and how is that provenance used to make a specific case for the investigation.

    Participants & Context (Form 7.1, Steps 3 & 4)

    • Describe in paragraph form who was studied (give number and characteristics) and how they were selected. Describe where and when the study took place, including important characteristics. 

    Steps in Sequence (Form 7.1, Step 6)

    • In the order performed, describe in paragraph form the main procedural steps in the study. Describe (or diagram in a flowchart) the order of and any important relationships among the steps.

    Data, Analysis & Results (Form 7.1, Steps 7, 8, & 9)

    • Describe in paragraph form what constituted data in the study (e.g., test scores, questionnaire responses, frequency counts), how it was collected, and the role of the investigator(s) in the process. Describe what form of data analysis was used, and what were the specific questions it was designed to answer. Describe any statistical operations employed in the study. Describe in paragraph form the primary results (i.e., products or findings produced by the analysis of data) of the study.

    Conclusions (Form 7.1, Step 10)

    • Describe in paragraph form what the author(s) asserted about the results of the study in response to the fit and specific rationale of the study. Describe how the events and experiences of the entire study contributed to that conclusion.

    Cautions & Discussion (Form 7.1, Steps 11 & 12)

    • Describe in paragraph form any cautions that were raised by the author(s) about the study itself or about interpreting the results. Include any of your own reservations. Describe any interesting facts or ideas learned from reading the study report. Include anything that was of value, including results, research designs and methods, references, instruments, history, useful arguments, or personal inspiration.

    Citation (Form 7.1, Step 1)

    • What study report is this? Record a complete reference citation.

     

    When reviewing the empirical research articles, follow Locke et al.’s “12 Steps to Understanding” from their book Reading and Understanding Research. Each step of their technique for reviewing articles must be followed precisely and in order. It is possible to combine steps as I have done in the template above, but do not skip steps! The following templates may be helpful as long as you convert the information that you collect on them into paragraph or essay format before you turn in the review: 

  3. How to Recognize Empirical Journal Articles

    Definition of an empirical study: An empirical research article reports the results of a study that uses data derived from actual observation or experimentation. Empirical research articles are examples of primary research.

    Parts of a standard empirical research article: (articles will not necessary use the exact terms listed below)

    • Abstract … A paragraph length description of what the study includes.
    • Introduction…Includes a statement of the hypotheses for the research and a review of other research on the topic.
    • Method …A description of how the research was conducted, such as:
      • Who are participants
      • Design of the study
      • What the participants did
      • What measures were used
    • Results…Describes the outcomes of the measures of the study.
    • Discussion…Contains the interpretations and implications of the study.
    • References…Contains citation information on the material cited in the report. (also called bibliography or works cited)

    Characteristics of an Empirical Article:

    • Empirical articles will include charts, graphs, or statistical analysis.
    • Empirical research articles are usually substantial, maybe from 8-30 pages long.
    • There is always a bibliography found at the end of the article.

    Type of publications that publish empirical studies:

    • Empirical research articles are published in scholarly or academic journals
    • These journals are also called “peer-reviewed,” or “refereed” publications.
    • REMEMBER: THE TOPIC IS STREET CRIME

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