Gendered Resistance: The Role of Leymah Gbowee’s Movement in Genocide Prevention

This paper should be 15-25 pages long, 12pt. font, Times New Roman, double spaced. 
The field of study is Genocide Studies.

The paper is in review of: Gbowee, Leymah. Mighty Be Our Powers: How Sisterhood, Prayer, and Sex Changed a
Nation at War – A Memoir. United States: Harper Collins Publishers, 2011.
The prompt is as follows:
BEGIN PROMPT

Read Leymah Gbowee’s Mighty Be Our Powers: How Sisterhood, Prayer, and Sex Changed a Nation at War – A Memoir. • Write a paper that defends and substantiates the following argument: The movement led by Leymah Gbowee’s network of women might not have called themselves genocide prevention practitioners, but that is what they did. Your thesis will revolve around your answer to the questions of “why” and “how,” as you see it. 

Cite a substantial amount of writings from our syllabus, including at least 2 of the
readings in the “For Further Study: Gender and Genocide, Prevention & Recovery”
section of the syllabus. You are not allowed to cite anything from
outside the syllabus. (Note from client: I will provide this list of sources.)

 You must follow the following steps, and your paper must have these elements: 
1. First, decide whether the conflict that Gbowee describes in Liberia was genocide,
genocidal, or a conflict that exhibits mass atrocity crimes and crimes against
humanity.
(It is not a stretch to argue this. After all, Charles Taylor was convicted of crimes
against humanity for atrocities in Sierra Leone, and the conflict in Liberia and
Sierra Leone were inextricably and structurally linked. But there were also
reciprocal dynamics in Libera that make this a more complicated case, where
Taylor was not the only genocidal or “atrocious” actor – is “atrocious” even a
word I can use here? Is “crimes against humanity actor” a better phrase? You
know what I mean.). 
2. Then, make sure your paper covers what Gbowee says the international
community did wrong in Liberia, discusses how international attempts to help
made things worse. Explain, in turn, what Gbowee’s movement did right. 
 3. Then, as you prepare your argument over how and why Gbowee’s network should
be understood as a genocide prevention movement, make sure your paper is
seriously engaged with at least 2 of the readings in the “For Further Study: Gender
and Genocide, Prevention & Recovery” section, located in Week 8 of the syllabus.  (again, Client will provide this list at the end of this Prompt).
 Let me just get this out of the way. It is impossible to analyze this book without
taking seriously the gendered dynamics of the conflict. This was a network of
women who learned how to become brilliant peacemakers (and bring a genocidal
conflict to a full stop) by first learning how to analyze and respond to gender based violence in their own lives. (Indeed, as we’ve been learning about the whole
semester, different types of violence in any given society are connected). 
See what I’m doing? I’m forcing you to write a paper that synthesizes your learning
and experiences from the entire semester, and then uses that synthesis as a basis for
analyzing Leymah Gbowee’s memoir!
• You are not allowed to cite anything from outside our syllabus. The point of this
exercise is to draw connections, for yourself, about the journey we’ve been on
together this semester — and to do so by analyzing a conflict.  
END PROMPT
Here are several readings from the Syllabus available for citation and engagement in this critical essay:

* Berry, Marie E. “Barriers to women’s progress after
atrocity: Evidence from

Rwanda and Bosnia-Herzegovina.” Gender & Society
31, no. 6 (2017): 830-853.

* Berry, Marie E. “When “bright futures” fade:
Paradoxes of women’s

empowerment in Rwanda.” Signs: Journal of Women in
Culture and Society 41, no.

1 (2015): 1-27.

* Berry, Marie E. War, women, and power: From violence to
mobilization in

Rwanda and Bosnia-Herzegovina. Cambridge University Press,
2018.

* Brown, Sara E. “Female perpetrators of the Rwandan
genocide.” International

Feminist Journal of Politics 16, no. 3 (2014): 448-469

* Carpenter, Charli. “Beyond ‘Gendercide’:
Incorporating Gender into Comparative

Genocide Studies.” The International Journal of Human
Rights 6, no. 4 (2002): 77-

101.

* Connellan, Mary Michele, and Christiane Fröhlich. “A
Gendered Lens for

Genocide Prevention.” In A Gendered Lens for Genocide
Prevention, pp. 1-10.

Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2018.

* Connellan, Mary Michele. “The Problem of “Protecting
Vulnerable Groups.”

Rethinking Vulnerability for Mass Atrocity and Genocide
Prevention.” In A

Gendered Lens for Genocide Prevention, pp. 11-26. Palgrave
Macmillan, London,

2018.

* Daley, Patricia O. Gender & Genocide in Burundi: the
search for spaces of peace

in the Great Lakes region. Indiana University Press, 2008.

* Dwyer, Leslie. “A Politics of Silences: Violence, Memory,
and Treacherous Speech

in Post-1956 Bali,” in Alex Hinton and Kevin O’Neill, eds.,
Genocide: Truth,

Memory, and Representation. Duke University Press, 2009.

* Fein, Helen. “Genocide and gender: the uses of women
and group

destiny.” Journal of Genocide Research 1, no. 1 (1999):
43-63.

* Hedlund, Anna. ““We Are Not Part of Their War”: Hutu
Women’s Experiences of

Rebel Life in the Eastern DRC Conflict.” In A Gendered
Lens for Genocide

Prevention, pp. 111-132. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2018.

* Irvin-Erickson, Douglas. “Prosecuting Sexual Violence
at the Cambodian War

Crimes Tribunal: Challenges, Limitations, and
Implications.” Human Rights

Quarterly 40, no. 3 (2018): 570-590.

* Irvin-Erickson, Douglas. “Sixty Years of Failing to
Prosecute Sexual Crimes: From

Raphaël Lemkin at Nuremberg to Lubanga at the International
Criminal Court.”

In A Gendered Lens for Genocide Prevention, pp. 83-109.
Palgrave Macmillan,

London, 2018.

* Jones, Adam. “Gender and genocide in Rwanda.”
Journal of genocide research 4,

no. 1 (2002): 65-94.

* Marczak, Nikki. “A century apart: The genocidal
enslavement of Armenian and

Yazidi women.” In A Gendered Lens for Genocide
Prevention, pp. 133-162. Palgrave

Macmillan, London, 2018.

* Myrttinen, Henri. “Men, masculinities and
genocide.” In A gendered lens for

genocide prevention, pp. 27-47. Palgrave Macmillan, London,
2018.

* Nyseth Brehm, Hollie, Christopher Uggen, and JeanDamascéne
Gasanabo. “Age,

gender, and the crime of crimes: Toward a lifecourse theory of genocide

participation.” Criminology 54, no. 4 (2016): 713-74

* Rittner, Carol, Ernesto Verdeja, Elisa von Joeden-Forgey,
Hugo Slim, Maria

Eriksson Baaz, Maria Stern, and Henry C. Theriault.
“Why Teach?.” In Teaching

about Rape in War and Genocide, pp. 8-25. Palgrave Pivot,
London, 2016.

* Sharlach, Lisa. “Gender and genocide in Rwanda: Women
as agents and objects

of Genocide.” Journal of Genocide Research 1, no. 3
(1999): 387-399.

* Snow, James. “Mothers and Monsters: Women, Gender,
and Genocide.” In A

Gendered Lens for Genocide Prevention, pp. 49-82. Palgrave
Macmillan, London,

2018.

* von Joeden-Forgey, Elisa. “Gender and the future of
genocide studies and

prevention.” Genocide Studies and Prevention 7, no. 1
(2012): 89-107.

* von Joeden-Forgey, Elisa. “Gender and the Genocidal
Economy.” Economic

Aspects of Genocides, Other Mass Atrocities, and Their
Prevention (2016): 378-95.

* von Joeden-Forgey, Elisa. “Gender, sexual violence,
and the Herero

genocide.” The Routledge Companion to Sexuality and
Colonialism (2021): 316-

326.

* von Joeden-Forgey, Elisa. “The devil in the
details:“Life force atrocities” and the

assault on the family in times of conflict.” Genocide
Studies and Prevention 5, no. 1

(2010): 1-19.

* von JoedenForgey,
Elisa. “Gender and genocide.” In The Oxford handbook of

genocide studies. 2010.

* Warren, Mary Anne. “Gendercide: The implications of
sex selection.” (1985)

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