write a 12– 15–page paper using the following guidelines.
1. Define and describe the social problem and client population of interest. Be specific. Writing about
racism against African Americans in the United States is not specific. The school–to–prison pipeline and
how it impacts public school students with disabilities would be a specific topic and a specific
population.
2. Review the scope, prevalence, and impact of trauma for this social problem and client population.
3. Discuss at least three theories that inform your understanding of the role of trauma as a social justice
issue or the manifestation of presenting problems for clients. Remember that a theory is different from
a lens or perspective (e.g., the biopsychosocial perspective/lens), a framework (e,g. Feminist
framework), an approach (e.g. Strengths approach), and a model (e.g. Trauma–Informed Cognitive–
Behavioral therapy). A theory has explanatory power – that is, it can explain how and why people act
1. Define and describe the social problem and client population of interest. Be specific. Writing about
racism against African Americans in the United States is not specific. The school–to–prison pipeline and
how it impacts public school students with disabilities would be a specific topic and a specific
population.
2. Review the scope, prevalence, and impact of trauma for this social problem and client population.
3. Discuss at least three theories that inform your understanding of the role of trauma as a social justice
issue or the manifestation of presenting problems for clients. Remember that a theory is different from
a lens or perspective (e.g., the biopsychosocial perspective/lens), a framework (e,g. Feminist
framework), an approach (e.g. Strengths approach), and a model (e.g. Trauma–Informed Cognitive–
Behavioral therapy). A theory has explanatory power – that is, it can explain how and why people act
4. How did the knowledge you gained this semester help you think differently about your clients’strengths, needs, and service provision?
5. Apply your new knowledge of empirical and theoretical information in the context of SAMHSA’s 6components of TIC to articulate new ideas for application to trauma–informed practice, leadership, and
advocacy. [trust, safety, empowerment/voice/choice, collaboration, peer support, cultural/genderrelevance]
6. APA citations, headers, references. Utilize textbooks, journal articles, & readings to support your analysis and concepts. Use of non–
scholarly sources should be for background or context only. I expect you to utilize citations as appropriate, and properly format APA headers, citations & references. Do not use any direct quotes in
this paper. You should summarize, paraphrase, or synthesize information instead. Your paper should be
Title Page
- Follow APA guidelines for the title page, including the paper’s title, your name, and institutional affiliation.
2. Abstract
- Summarize the paper’s objective, methods, key findings, and implications in 250 words.
3. Introduction (Approx. 1-1.5 pages)
- Introduce the topic, stating the significance of the ecological factors affecting African American and Hispanic teenage males.
- Present the paper’s thesis statement, outlining the aspects you will cover, such as miseducation, racial discrimination, poverty, police interactions, and their impacts on developmental outcomes.
4. Literature Review (Approx. 4-5 pages)
- Trauma and Interventions: Discuss the general impacts of trauma on youth, emphasizing African American and Hispanic teenage males (Denigris, 2008).
- Community Trauma and Behavioral Outcomes: Examine how community trauma predicts sexual risk behaviors, marijuana use, and other psychosocial outcomes (Seth et al., 2017).
- Racism’s Impact: Explore how racism affects psychological functioning and development (Pierre et al., 2001; Harris & Kruger, 2022).
- Ecological Factors: Discuss the broader ecological factors, including poverty and environmental stresses, on behavioral problems (McKinney, 2002).
- Health Risks: Analyze the correlation between racism, skin color, and health risks (Hall, 2007).
- Cultural Adaptations of Therapy: Highlight the importance of culturally adapted therapeutic interventions (Williams et al., 2014).
5. Methodology (Approx. 1 page)
- Describe the methods used for literature selection and analysis. Mention any specific criteria for inclusion, such as study focus, population, and outcomes.
6. Findings (Approx. 2-3 pages)
- Present a synthesized overview of the findings from the literature review, structured around the impact of ecological factors on the developmental outcomes of the target demographic.
7. Discussion (Approx. 1-2 pages)
- Discuss the implications of the findings in the context of existing theories and previous research.
- Highlight the importance of considering ecological factors in developing interventions and policies aimed at supporting African American and Hispanic teenage males.
8. Conclusion (Approx. 1 page)
- Summarize the key points made throughout the paper.
- Suggest directions for future research and potential policy or practice implications based on your findings.
9. References
- List all the references cited in the paper following APA guidelines.
Levenson, J. (2020). Translating Trauma-Informed Principles into Social Work Practice. Social Work, 65(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swaa020 Links to an external site.
2020 Translating TIC Levenson SW.pdf Download 2020 Translating TIC Levenson SW.pdf
Wojtalik, J. A., Eack, S. M., Smith, M. J., & Keshavan, M. S. (2018). Using cognitive neuroscience to improve mental health treatment: A comprehensive review. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 9(2), 223-260.
Using Cognitive Neuroscience to Improve Mental Health Treatment.pd
Denigris, P. N. (2008). Trauma in youth: Reactions and Interventions. Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 36(2), 211–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/009318530803600204
Denigris, P. N. (2008). Trauma in youth: Reactions and Interventions. Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 36(2), 211–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/009318530803600204
Pierre, M. R., Mahalik, J. R., & Woodland, M. H. (2001). The Effects of Racism, African Self-Consciousness and Psychological Functioning on Black Masculinity: A Historical and Social Adaptation Framework. Journal of African American Men, 6(2), 19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12111-001-1006-2
Harris, J., & Kruger, A. C. (2022). “Be Kind But Not Too Kind”: Black Males’ Prosocial Behaviors in the Face of Dehumanization. Journal of Research on Adolescence (Wiley-Blackwell), 32(2), 552–568. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12746
McKinney, R. (2002). Ecological Factors and Their Relationship to Maternal Reports of Behavioral Problems in African American Adolescents. Child Study Journal, 32(1), 53.
Hall, R. (2007). Racism as Health Risk for African-American Males: Correlations Between Hypertension and Skin Color. Journal of African American Studies, 11(3/4), 204–213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12111-007-9018-1
Williams, M. T., Malcoun, E., Sawyer, B. A., Davis, D. M., Nouri, L. B., & Bruce, S. L. (2014). Cultural Adaptations of Prolonged Exposure Therapy for Treatment and Prevention of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in African Americans. Behavioral Sciences (2076-328X), 4(2), 102–124. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs4020102
Garcia, N. M., Ibarra, J. M., Mireles-Rios, R., Rios, V. M., & Maldonado, K. (2022). Advancing QuantCrit to Rethink the School-to-Prison Pipeline for Latinx and Black Youth. Journal of Criminal Justice Education, 33(2), 269–288. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511253.2022.2027481