Once you have found the necessary articles and deciphered the relevant content from each, write a two to five page paper summarizing the information in the articles and explain how it helps to answer your question (note: your goal is to find and report as much as is known, even though it may not fully answer your question). Note: this is a scientific paper and has unique elements and formatting. Be sure to read through the requirements and view the introduction below. As you prepare to write your paper keep in mind that science papers are essentially presentations of facts and figures and as a result science writing is predominantly presented in a formal third person format. A good paper will present the information that is known with reference to the origin of each fact. For example, much of what you will include in your paper will come from your literature research – be sure to cite the source of all information presented. DO NOT, quote your sources, instead you should paraphrase what you have learned from your sources (and cite the source). A big part of preparing your paper will be finding and organizing the information you acquire from your literature research and presenting that information in a cohesive fashion. See the instructions below for the proper paper format.
How do selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMS) stimulate muscle development? How does this differ from the effect of anabolic steroids?
Format: Term papers should range from 2 to 3 pages in length (5 at most) not including the bibliography. All papers must be neatly typed and double spaced with one inch margins and a font size not to exceed the print on this page (12 point). Papers must be proof-read for grammar and spelling. Papers with excessive grammatical and/or spelling errors will not be accepted.
Your paper should consist of the following components (each section should be clearly identified with a header):
Note: Please do not use report covers or include a formal title page. The first page should include the title of your paper, your name, date and lab time, followed by the text of your paper (beginning with an abstract of your topic).
ABSTRACT: Abstracts are like movie previews, they provide enough information to permit a reader to decide whether or not to read further. In your abstract you should briefly summarize the content of the paper. This is often the last part of the report that is written and usually is not more than 1/3 – 1/2 page in length.
INTRODUCTION: The introduction should present the topic/question that will be discussed in the paper and provide a brief physiological background/review to provide the reader with a sufficient physiological foundation to understand the topic (i.e. prepare the reader for what you are about to discuss).
DISCUSSION: This is the most important part of the paper. In this section the details of your topic should be discussed including a detailed explanation of the physiological phenomena involved. In this section you should provide the evidence needed to “answer” your topic question. Each of the points and/or ideas that you discuss should be supported by descriptions of the underlying physiological principles in an understandable fashion. There should be a logical and organized flow to your ideas. Hint: write your paper for readers with some physiology background (i.e. your classmates) but do not assume that they are familiar with all of the physiology.
You will need to use several sources (see below) to put your paper together. Cite your sources / references liberally throughout your paper with in-text citations (aka parenthetical citations) in APA format (see in-text citation guide). IMPORTANT: ALL statements of fact must be cited in the text of your report as follows:
Example Parenthetical Citation Format for a journal article:
– Cratchet et al. (1995) found that cold toilet seats interfere with micturition.
– Exposure to cold toilet seats interferes with micturition (Cratchet et al., 1995).
Citing sources is very important as is proper citation format. Please see the APA guide available on the library website for more information. Go to the library research guides page (https://www.westvalley.edu/library/research-guides.html), select “Citation Styles” (or click here for a brief style guide – “APA Style” & “In text APA Citations”).
A minimum of three refereed scholarly scientific articles should be cited as references, and at least one must be less than 5 years old. Note: This is a minimum requirement and is in addition to any other secondary sources that you use (including the text book).
CONCLUSION: This section can be as short as a paragraph or as long as a full page. In this section you should recap the main points of your paper, explain the significance of your findings relative to the original question and effectively answer the original topic question to the degree it is currently known. You should also suggest any limitations to your conclusion and what further investigation is necessary (i.e. what is still unanswered).
BIBLIOGRAPHY: This section should consist of an alphabetical listing (by primary author) of all references cited in your report. Each listing should include author(s), title, journal name (if applicable), pages, and date. See the format used by the journals cited for examples and refer to the APA Style guidelines (http://www.westvalley.edu/library/research-guides/apa.pdf). Note: citations should be single spaced.
Example Bibliography Citation Format for a journal article:
– Lastname, F.I., & Lastname, F.I. (year). Article title. Journal Name, Volume#(issue#), page range. doi:#if available.
– Cratchet, B, & Marley, J, (1995). Cold Stimuli Intefere with Micturition. British Journal of Micturition, 12(7), 121-127.
WARNING:
DO NOT PLAGIARIZE! Copying any material word for word is plagiarism. Even borrowed ideas and statements of fact that are reworded must be acknowledged. Plagiarism is cheating!
DO NOT USE AI TOOLS! Use of Artificial Intelligence tools to write your paper constitutes cheating and is not acceptable. Your paper must be representative of your research and your writing skills.
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