If human-induced climate change is to be tackled effectively, what role should be played by the state and the market in a Green New Deal?

Hi there, I have created a plan for the essay but I have no sources for the draft. Obviously i understand the time frame is extremley short and is only 1 day so if its easier not to stick to the plan then that’s fine. However, the plan allows for lots of critical anlayis, evidence, judgement and explanation which my lecturer emphasies in oreder to get a good grade Title: How Should Political Economy Rethink the Relationship Between the State and Market to Address Human-Induced Climate Change? Introduction (250 words) Purpose: Introduce the scale and urgency of the climate crisis, highlighting human-induced causes and its existential threat. Explain how traditional political economy has focused on the state-market relationship within neoliberal frameworks. Thesis Statement: Argue that political economy must prioritize state-led intervention to regulate markets, foster systemic transformation, and achieve sustainability.Structure Overview: Outline the essay structure: The state’s essential role. Limitations of market-driven approaches. Alternative frameworks like the Green New Deal (GND) and degrowth. The redefined state-market relationship. Section 1: The Essential Role of the State in Climate Action (1000 words) Historical Context of State-Led Interventions: Case study: The New Deal (1930s) as a response to systemic crises [Living New Deal resource]. Contemporary relevance: Public investment in renewable energy and green infrastructure. State as a Catalyst for Transformation: Examples of successful public funding in energy transitions (UNEP reports, “Public Finance for a GND”). Addressing inequality through just transition programs (Green New Deal proposals). Counterpoint: Neoliberal critiques of state inefficiency—argue these concerns are unfounded when systemic change is prioritized [Lecture 10 materials]. Judgment: Conclude that state intervention is indispensable for addressing the scope and urgency of climate change. Section 2: Limitations of Market-Driven Approaches (1000 words) Neoliberal Dominance and Market Failures: The rise of neoliberalism: Deregulation, privatization, and reliance on market mechanisms (Meadows, Limits to Growth lecture10 ). Failures of carbon pricing and emissions trading schemes: EU ETS case study [UNEP reports]. Underpricing of environmental risks [Roosevelt Institute, 2023]. Critical Perspectives: Market reliance reinforces inequalities and slows systemic change [Common Wealth’s “Road Map to a GND”]. Carbon markets are prone to manipulation and greenwashing [Carbon Brief].Counterarguments: Proponents argue that market innovation fosters technological breakthroughs—highlighting examples from private-sector renewables. Judgment: Conclude that while markets play a role, unregulated market mechanisms are insufficient to address climate change effectively. Section 3: Alternative Frameworks – The Green New Deal and Degrowth (1200 words) The Green New Deal (GND): Overview: A framework for systemic transformation emphasizing equity, sustainability, and decarbonization [Common Wealth, “Road Map to a GND”]. Key components: Public investment in green infrastructure. Job creation and a just transition for workers. Decentralized and democratized energy systems.Critiques of the GND: Concerns about funding feasibility and political resistance. Rebuttal: Historical parallels with New Deal programs demonstrate viability. Degrowth as a Complementary Alternative: Concept: Reducing resource consumption and prioritizing well-being over GDP growth (Hickel, Less is More, 2020). Benefits: Reduces environmental pressure while addressing economic inequalities. Synthesis: Compare and contrast GND and degrowth approaches: GND as a pragmatic framework for immediate action. Degrowth as a deeper systemic challenge to capitalism. Judgment: Argue for a hybrid approach integrating GND principles with degrowth’s ecological and social focus. Section 4: Redefining the State-Market Relationship for Climate Action (1200 words) State-Led Green Industrial Strategy: Propose state leadership in funding and guiding green industries: Case study: UK’s green industrial strategies [Common Wealth reports]. Public funding examples: Green bonds, progressive taxation [UNEP and IMF reports]. Regulated Markets as a Supportive Tool: Markets can complement state goals if tightly regulated to align incentives with sustainability. Evidence from state-guided innovation in renewable technologies [Mazzucato, The Value of Everything]. Critical Analysis: Address counterarguments: Fears of inefficiency and bureaucratic overreach. Rebuttal: Systemic change requires coordinated state-market partnerships. Judgment: Conclude that a redefined relationship, led by the state and supported by regulated markets, is essential for systemic transformation. Conclusion (500-600 words) Summary of Arguments: State intervention is crucial for addressing market failures and achieving decarbonization. Market mechanisms alone cannot address systemic issues, as demonstrated by neoliberal failures. Alternative frameworks like the GND provide a blueprint for integrating equity and sustainability into political economy. Final Judgment: Political economy must prioritize state-led systemic transformation to align economic systems with ecological limits and social equity.