Investigating the Incidence of Oral Cancer in E-cigarette Users: A Prospective Cohort Study Using Cluster Sampling

Assessment Task Detail and Instructions: By applying what you have learnt on study design during this module, you now have to design your own study on the topic “To investigate the effects of e-cigarettes on oral cancer risk.” The ‘fictional’ study can have either an observational of experimental design. There will be no results, but importantly a description on how the results will be collected etc is important. This coursework submission should have the following headings along with the mark allocations: 1. Abstract (15) 2. Introduction (about the topic, not study design) (10) 3. Description of the study and study design (30) 3.1 Choice of sampling method 3.2 Data collection (including endpoints to consider) 4. Strengths and limitations of the study design (15) 5. Ethical issues (10) 6. Conclusion (10) 7. References (In-text [5], listed references [5]) Study Design Description: Title: Study on E-Cigarette Use and Health Effects in Different Areas of the UK HOW TO DO PLEASE (1500 words) does not include abstract (10 Harvard references) Study Type: Observational, Prospective Cohort Study 1. Choice of Sampling Method: We will use cluster sampling, where we select specific areas in the UK, like cities or neighborhoods, to focus on. This will help us efficiently gather data on e-cigarette users from different regions and compare usage patterns across these areas. 2. Data Collection: How Data Will Be Collected: Initial Survey: Participants will fill out a survey about their age, gender, smoking history, and e-cigarette use (e.g., frequency, nicotine strength). Follow-Up Surveys: Participants will complete surveys at regular intervals (e.g., 3, 6, and 12 months) to track changes in their e-cigarette use and any health issues they experience. Health Measurements (Optional): We may also measure lung function or ask about respiratory problems linked to e-cigarette use. 3. Endpoints to Consider: Main Things to Measure: E-cigarette use: Changes in how often and how much participants use e-cigarettes. Health effects: Respiratory issues, lung function, and nicotine dependence. Additional Measures: Psychological effects: Mood changes and cravings for nicotine. Side effects: Any irritation or other physical symptoms. 4. Study Overview: This is a prospective cohort study, where we follow participants over time to track changes in e-cigarette use and health outcomes. By using cluster sampling, we focus on specific areas and compare the impact of e-cigarette use across different regions. how to do