Putting the pages together: Discussion Section: Social Support, and Depression in College Students

Assignment Overview: Please put the already completed research pages in the right order and format. The paper will include the following ordered components: Title Page, Abstract, Introduction Section, Method Section, Results Section, Discussion Section, Reference Section, and Tables or Figures. To complete this goal, the Title Page, Abstract, and Reference List need to be constructed.

I have attached all the completed Research section pages in separte word files, please combine them togther in the right order and write only the Abract part section.

Submit the complete APA paper with all the correctly ordered sections (Title Page, Abstract, Introduction Section, Method Section, Results Section, Discussion Section, Reference Section, and Tables or Figures) Please keep in mind:
7^th Edition APA

APA preferred fonts include, but are not limited to, 11-point or 12-point Calibri or Times New Roman. Use double spacing with 1-in. (2.54-cm) margins on all sides. Unless otherwise noted (e.g., places where headings or components are centered), text is left justified and uneven (ragged) on the right. There are no line breaks or spaces between paragraphs and the first line of each paragraph is indented by 0.5 in.
The professional title page includes these elements: Running Head, page number, paper title, authors, affiliations, and optional author notes. Page numbers begin with the Title Page and are provided on the upper right corner of the manuscript. The title is centered on the top half of the page and should be less than 13 words. Titles should be succinct and identify the primary variables or theoretical concepts being assessed. Avoid using abbreviations in the title. Immediately beneath the title, centered, and on separate lines are the author, affiliation (Methodist University), course (Research Seminar), instructor, and due date.
The abstract is a brief paragraph synopsis of the paper that is no longer than 250 words. The abstract is placed on Page 2 underneath the centered heading “Abstract.” Please refer to the sample papers in the resources. There is no paragraph indentation for the abstract. The abstract should include a concise statement about the variables of study and/or theoretical constructs, the methodology utilized (participants, apparatus, and procedure), the results obtained, the conclusions drawn, and the implications for future research. Please review the sample abstracts in the resources section before writing the abstract. With the title page and abstract completed, you can insert the text (body) of the paper.
The introduction begins on Page 3 and is immediately beneath a restatement of the title at the top of the page. The Method Section comes immediately after the introduction (no new page) and begins beneath the centered heading “Method.” Each of the subsections go beneath left-justified headings of “Participants,”” Apparatus,” and “Procedure.” Please refer to the example papers. The results section begins immediately after the Method Section (no new page) beneath the centered heading “Results.” The Discussion Section begins immediately after the Results Section (no new page) beneath the centered heading “Discussion.” Please refer to the example papers.

Very Important Instructions:

The paper must follow the format described in the seventh edition of the “Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.”

Put together all of the sections that have been previously written. The only part you have to right is the Abstract. Please refer to the APA manual for manuscript requirements and the APA course resources. The section order is listed below.

The only writing part you have to do is write Abstract part: The abstract is a concise synopsis of the paper (250 words or less) that includes a summary statement of the project objectives, methods, results, and conclusions.

Research Project Paper Instructions Order:

Listed below is a summary of manuscript format and requirements. This is a summary and not a substitute for the more comprehensive content in the APA Manual. When in doubt about anything regarding the paper, consult with both the APA Manual and your instructor. You will also find your textbook and the Article Review Guide at the end of the syllabi useful. Here is a synopsis of the paper sections:

Page 1: Title Page (Section 2.3): The Student Title Page is preferred for our paper. This includes the title of the paper, the author’s name, the author’s affiliation, the course label (PSY 4850), the instructor’s name, the assignment due date, and the page number. Please review Chapter 2 of the manual prior to writing.
Page 2: Abstract (Review the APA Manual and Chapter 2 Sample Papers): The abstract is a concise synopsis of the paper (250 words or less) that includes a summary statement of the project objectives, methods, results, and conclusions.

Introduction (Review the APA Manual and Chapter 2 Sample Papers):

The Introduction (starting on Page 3) begins immediately beneath a restatement of the title at the top of the page (see sample papers in Chapter 2). The aim of the introduction is to review the literature and discuss how your project is an outgrowth of the literature. The introduction must conclude with precise statements of your hypotheses. This section must be at least six pages in length with double spaces, 12-point fonts, and one-inch margins all around. Within the six pages, you must cite at least ten refereed sources (you will have several from our prior Discussion Forums to choose from). Please review the materials in the required resources section for how to write a good Introduction, how to cite resources, and how to effectively paraphrase. Also, please feel free to post to the discussion forum about any questions that you have as you are writing. I have also attached the paper rubric (the score will come from the rubric items pertaining to the Introduction Section).

A good Introduction Section is shaped like a funnel, in that it begins with a broad description of the research problem, narrows to include review of prior research on the topic, and concludes with the precise research hypotheses. The aim of the introduction is not necessarily an exhaustive review of the literature (we have found plenty of studies through the library electronic resources). The purpose is to show that your research hypotheses are a reasonable outgrowth of the prior literature and that the variables for our class project are well justified. For instance, you can start the Introduction Section with a broad description of why depression, loneliness, and isolation can be substantial impediments to college students. You would then narrow the narrative down to focus on the specific variables of our class project (don’t forget about our new class variable). For instance, you will discuss background studies on depression and emotional well-being in college students. You will also discuss background studies on the different types of social support that we focused on. We had three social support measures in our battery. One covered overall social support (Part 1). The next section (Part 2) included a chart where people checked off the number of in-person relationships available to them for the four types of social support (Instrumental, Emotional, Practical, and Social). This part of the introduction is the longest and accounts for a larger portion of the grade in the rubric. This is where you discuss prior research. This is where you bring in the refereed articles we found. After reviewing these targeted studies (the literature is always aimed at justifying the hypotheses), include a paragraph about the purpose of the study. For instance, you could say that the study will assess the impact of social support on depression utilizing the depression scale and an in-depth social support battery. The Introduction Section would then end with the specific research hypotheses. For instance, you could say that subjects reporting higher levels of depressive symptomology will also report lower levels of over-all, in-person, and online social support. Make sure to include the new class variable. A good introduction will lead to your reader being well informed about the rationale for your research study, how it is an outgrowth of prior research in the area, and what your precise research hypotheses are.

Methods (Review the APA Manual and Chapter 2 Sample Papers):

The Method Section begins immediately after the Introduction (no new pages) beneath the heading “Methods”. All components of the Methods Section must be in paragraph form (not lists) and conform to the APA format described below and in the APA course resource links. The Methods Section must be at least three pages in length with double space, 12-point font, and one-inch margins all around. Within the three pages (a minimum), you must make sure to cite your references. Please review the materials in the resources section for how to write a good Method Section. Also, please feel free to ask me any questions that you have as you are writing.

The aim of the Method Section is to inform the reader how to carry out the study. One way to test if you have written this part of the paper well is to give your draft to someone who knows nothing about your study and then see if they can tell you exactly how to run it. A good Method Section will enable your study to be replicated. Telling readers precisely how you carried out the research is critical to assess the nature of the study as well as reliability and validity. The Method Section includes the following subsections: Participants, Materials or Apparatus, and Procedure.

The aim of the Participants subsection is to adequately describe the characteristics of your sample, such as ethnicity, gender, age, and etc. Other critical information that needs to be included in this subsection are exclusion or eligibility requirements (e.g., the participants were all currently enrolled MU students), the number of subjects you hope to run, and incentives provided for participation (e.g., extra credit). Please see the videos, APA Handout Links, and sample student paper in the supplemental resource section for more information.

The purpose of the Materials or Apparatus subsection is for the reader to have a thorough comprehension of all study resources utilized. Since replication is the goal, readers must be given enough information to be able to gather or put together similar resources. Commercially available equipment (e.g., a heart rate monitor) must have the manufactures name and model numbers. For surveys or psychological assessments (e.g., a depression inventory), the measure must be described and cited. The full reference needs to be in the reference list. Please see the videos, APA Handout Links, and sample student paper in the supplemental resource section for more information.

Lastly, the purpose of the procedure subsection is to inform readers about precisely how to run the study from beginning (recruiting subjects) to the end (the last contacts with subjects). This subsection details a linear step-by-step record of everything the researcher and subject did throughout the research process. Critical things to include in this subsection are control strategies (e.g., counterbalancing, random assignment, and etc.), research stimulus materials and subjects responses to them, and instructions or stimulus categories. In sum, the procedure section is a detailed account of everything both the researcher and subject did from start (subject recruitment) to finish (the end of the relationship). The reader should come away with a thorough comprehension of what your research design was and exactly how it was carried out. Please see the videos, APA Handout Links, and sample student paper in the supplemental resource section for more information.

Results (Review the APA Manual and Chapter 2 Sample Papers):

The Results Section begins immediately after the Method Section (no new pages) beneath the heading “Results”. In the Results Section, you discuss the statistical analyses that were carried out to evaluate the data. Interpretation of the meaning of the results does not come until the Discussion Section. Make sure to review the APA style handouts on number formatting and statistical notation in the supplemental resources. The Results Section focuses on the statistics used and what the outcomes were. Some things to consider are as follows:

What descriptive statistics were utilized? Were they sufficient and what did they reveal about the data?
What inferential statistics were utilized? Were they sufficient and what did they reveal about the data?
Was the data unmistakably presented? This includes the tables and figures as well as the text.

In addition to describing the statistics in the Results Section, you will be expected to construct a figure and/or table of one or more of the findings. Figures and Tables each go on separate pages and are placed after the Reference Section of the paper. In the Results section, you tell the reader when to look at the table or figure (e.g., “Refer to Table 1 for the descriptive statistics”), but they are placed on separate pages after the Reference Section (see APA Manual p. 60). You will need to follow the APA format for Figures and Tables (see the handout in the module supplement and APA Manual Chapter 7).

Discussion (Review the APA Manual and Chapter 2 Sample Papers):

The Discussion Section begins immediately after the Results Section beneath the heading “Discussion”. As with other sections of the paper – Let the hypothesis be your guide. Start the Discussion section with a paragraph about whether the hypotheses were supported or not. The purpose of the Discussion Section is to summarize, critique, and interpret important findings. This is also the place to address implications of the research, limitations of the study, and suggestions for future research. Here are some things to consider:

Did the results support or refute the research hypotheses and address the research questions?
How do the results of the study compare to previous research and the theoretical model from which the research started?
Do the conclusions follow reasonably from the results? Are there any unjustified assumptions of causation?
Are any practical implications of the research mentioned?
Was the experiment well carried out? If not, what were the errors? How could future research deal with these errors?
To what populations and situations would you generalize the results to?
What are some possible future studies?

As you construct the Discussion Section, make sure to keep in mind a few things that should not be included. Statistical reporting belongs in the Results Section. New results should not be introduced into the Discussion Section. Also, be careful not to make exaggerated claims or devalue the study. An exaggerated claim is when a researcher discusses applications and uses of the research that are not justified by the study. For instance, saying that our study results apply to everyone would be an exaggeration (we studied participants in a restricted age range from a small school in NC). Devaluing a study can occur when the focus of the Discussion Section overemphasizes limitations. They need to be mentioned, but don’t let them overshadow the purpose of the study and your hard work. Most studies have inevitable limitations (e.g., data that cannot be used because of incomplete surveys).

Reference List (Review the APA Manual)

The Reference List comes after the Methods Section. The Reference list begins on a new page beneath the heading “References”. Please pay special attention to Section 2.12 and Chapter 10 as you construct your reference list. The reference list includes a list of complete sources that you cited in the paper. Chapter 10 and the sample papers in Chapter 2 include the precise format for the various types of references that you cited in your paper. The Reference List must follow APA format.

Figures and Tables (Review the APA Manual

All students must include figures and tables of statistical results. Please refer to the APA manual for table and figure format (e.g., Chapter 2 sample papers and Chapter 7). Each figure and table are placed on a separate page. Figures and tables are placed after the Reference List (Section 2.17). APA format must be followed.

Important Resources to make the research paper is correct:

Paper Organization Information:

https://extras.apa.org/apastyle/basics-7e/?_ga=2.156343929.311128844.1623001522-1253108073.1623001522#/lessons/GCrxM4O6DKK_VZveaPwTlOLlSpCDhaWY

Paper Organization Information:

https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/student-paper-setup-guide.pdf

Student Paper Setup Guide:

https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/student-paper-setup-guide.pdf

How to Format Your Paper into APA Style Review: https://youtu.be/VEqRqSsNDjc

Paper Format Info:

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/paper-format

APA Grammar Guidelines:

https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/paper-format/student-annotated.pdf