The existing international legal framework does not provide for the protection of those displaced across borders by climate change. The best solution to this protection gap is the development of a new international treaty.

referencing style should be OSCOLA, 3500 words and footnotes included.i would like to you use these sources ->

· Guy Goodwin-Gill, Jane McAdam with Emma Dunlop,The Refugee in International Law(4th edn, OUP 2021)Chapter 12pages 635-648

· David Cantor et al, ‘International Protection, Disasters and Climate Change’ (2024) 36IJRL 176,182-184

· Francois Gemenne, ‘One good reason to speak of ‘climate refugees’ (2015) 49Forced Migration Review70 https://www.fmreview.org/gemenne/

· Frank Bierman and Ingrid Boas, ‘Protecting Climate Refugees: The Case for a Global Protocol’ (2008) 50Environmental Magazine8, available online athttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3200/ENVT.50.6.8-17?needAccess=true

· Bonnie Docherty and Tyler Giannini, ‘Confronting a Rising Tide: A Proposal for a Convention on Climate Change Refugees’ (2009) 33Harvard Environmental Law Review349

· David Hodgkinson et al., ‘’The Hour When the Ship Comes In’: A Convention for Persons Displaced by Climate Change’ (2010) 36Monash University Law Review69

· Jane McAdam,Climate Change, Forced Migration, and International Law(OUP 2012) Chapter 9, available as an ebook via the library portal. If you have time, you may also wish to read through Chapter 7 which offers a critique of some of the above

· Alexander Betts, ‘Towards a ‘Soft Law’ Framework for the Protection of Vulnerable IrregularMigrants’ (2010) 22IJRL209

· Lauren Nishimura, ‘’Climate Change Migrants’: Impediments to a Protection Framework and the Need to Incorporate Migration into Climate Change Adaptation Strategies’ (2015) 27 IJRL107

· Susan Martin, ‘Towards an extension of complementary protection?’ in Benoit Mayer & Francois Crepeau,Research Handbook on Climate Change, Migration and the Law(Edward Elgar 2017)

· Bruce Burson et al., ‘The Duty to Move People Out of Harm’s Way in the Context of Climate ChangeDisasters’ (2018) 37Refugee Survey Quarterly379

· Walter Kälin and Nina Schrepfer,Protecting People Crossing Borders in the Context of ClimateChange: Normative Gaps and Possible Approaches(UNHCR, 2012) available online at https://www.unhcr.org/4f33f1729.pdf

· Walter Kälin, ‘The Global Compact on Migration: A Ray of Hope for Disaster-Displaced Persons’ (2018) 30IJRL664

· Avidan Kent and Simon Behrman,Facilitating the Resettlement and Rights of Climate Refugees(Routledge 2018) available as an e-book via the library

· Gaim Kibreab, ‘Climate Change and Human Migration: A Tenuous Relationship?’ (2009) 20FordhamEnvironmental Law Review357

· Vikram Kolmannskog and Finn Myrstad, ‘Environmental Displacement in European Asylum Law’ (2009) 11European Journal of Migration and Law 313

· Jane McAdam, ‘Swimming against the Tide: Why a Climate Change Displacement Treaty is NottheAnswer’ (2011) 23IJRL2

· Jane McAdam, ‘From the Nansen Initiative to the Platform on Disaster Displacement: ShapingInternational Approaches to Climate Change, Disasters and Displacement’ (2016) 39UNSW Law Journal1518

· Siobhan McInerney-Lankford, Mac Darrow and Lavanya Rajamani,Human Rights and ClimateChange: A Review of the International Legal Dimensions(World Bank, 2011) available online at http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/903741468339577637/Human-rights-and-climate-change-a-review-of-the-international-legal-dimensions

· Benoit Mayer & Francois Crepeau,Research Handbook on Climate Change, Migration and the Law(Edward Elgar 2017).

· Chris Methmann and Angela Oels ‘From ‘fearing’ to ‘empowering’ climate refugees: Governingclimate-induced migration in the name of resilience’ (2015) 46Security Dialogue51

· Raphael Reuveny, Climate Change-Induced Migration and violent Conflict (2007) 26PoliticalGeography656

· Matthew Scott, ‘Natural Disasters, Climate Change andNon-Refoulement: What Scope for ResistingExpulsion under Articles 3 and 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights’ (2014) 26IJRL404

· Cecilia Tacoli, ‘Crisis or adaptation? Migration and climate change in a context of high mobility’(2009) 21Environment & Urbanization513

· Angela Williams. ‘Turning the Tide: Recognizing Climate Change Refugees in International Law’ 30Law & Policy502

You can also use additional sources